An excellent definition and all round description of MCS can be found in the excellent document "Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS): What It Is, What It Is Not, And How It Is Manifested – Sheila Bastien, Ph.D." Below is a mere extract. The whole document can (and should) be read at:http://www.california.com/~hawk/MCS-Ammunition.htm and is a Must-Read for anyone tempted to believe that MCS might "be all in the mind".
What is multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS)?
Cullin, M.R. ed. (1987) "Workers with multiple chemical sensitivities" Occupational Medicine; State of the Art Reviews, defines multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) as an acquired disorder characterized by recurrent symptoms referable to multiple organ systems, occurring in response to demonstrable exposure to many chemically unrelated compounds at doses far below those established in the general population to cause harmful effects. No single widely accepted test of physiological function can be shown to correlate with these symptoms. [Cullen, M.R. (1987). The Worker with multiple chemical sensitivities: an overview. In Cullen, M.R. (ed). Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews. Hanley and Belfus, Philadelphia. 655-662]
The National Research Council, 1992 workshop on Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (a group working on research protocols for clinical evaluation) reported in Toxicology and Industrial Health [Vol. 10 number 4/5 July - October, 1994 Pg. 259 in Claudia Miller’s article] the definition of MCS by the National Research Counsel, 1992:
Sensitivity to chemicals. By sensitivity we mean symptoms or signs as related to chemical exposures at levels tolerated by the population at large, that is distinct from such well recognized hypersensitivity phenomenon as IgG-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions, contact dermatitis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Sensitivity may be expressed as symptoms and signs in one or more organ systems.
Symptoms and signs wax and wane with exposure. It is not necessary to identify a chemical exposure associated with the onset of the condition. Preexisting or concurrent conditions, e.g. asthma, arthritis, somatization disorder, or depression, should not exclude patients from consideration.
Ashford N.A. and Miller, C.S. [1991. Chemical Exposures; Low-Level and High Stakes: (Van Nostrum Reinhold, New York)]. Their definition is: "The patient with multiple chemical sensitivities can be discovered by removal from the suspected offending agent and by rechallenge, after an appropriate interval, under strictly controlled environmental conditions. Causality is inferred by the clearing of symptoms with removal from the offending environment and recurrence of symptoms with specific challenge."
This whole document can be found in its entirity at http://www.california.com/~hawk/MCS-Ammunition.htm and really is a "Must-Read" if you have the slighest honest intention of understanding something of what MCS truly is.
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